The basic unit of the power supply are: transformers, rectifiers, filters and voltage regulator circuits. The power unit uses all other electronic equipment with DC voltage as input. Its function prevents data corruption due to power failure and low voltage. Rectifiers, and filters are the three main parts of the power supply.

The first is the transformer. Typically, the AC line voltage present in the indoor wiring is not suitable for use in electronic circuits. Most circuits require a certain lower voltage, and of course a few circuits require higher voltages. For example, led power transformer are used to convert AC Line voltages to higher voltage levels while the 12v transformer power supply can provide electrical isolation between the AC line and the circuit is powered, which is an important safety consideration. Now has the appropriate range to power the circuit.

by the rectifier. It is a device for changing the AC power to a pulsating DC. The forced current flows in only one direction, preventing the transformer and the AC line from alternating. This process is called rectification, and the circuit that completes the The diode is a unidirectional device that operates in the forward direction as a rectifier. The three basic rectifier circuits that use diodes are half-wave, full-wave center taps and full-wave Bridges.

The last is filtering. A line filter is used to prevent ripple components from appearing in the output. The ripple typically varies from 0 volts to the peak output voltage of the transformer. It is then released to the load when the rectifier output voltage of ac power supply drops. This circuit is called a filter and its main function is to reduce the pulse of the rectifier to a smaller ripple voltage by passing most of the DC component while attenuating the AC component of the signal.

In summary, the goal of any power supply design is to reduce the ripple factor as much as possible, or at least reduce the load circuit from being adversely affected by the residual AC ripple voltage.

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